今天分享一下关于有刷、无刷电机的区别，首先我们先了解一下电机的分类！
原来电机还分直流电机、交流电机这两种，而无刷电机、有刷电机是划分到直流电机这一类别，那么问题来了，同属一个类别的无刷、有刷究竟有何区别呢？
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LearnEngineering制作的动画，讲解了无刷直流电动机的工作原理。
无刷直流电机主要由用永磁材料制造的转子、带有线圈绕组的定子和位置传感器(可有可无)组成！
附视频讲解：
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无刷就是有刷电机中的“电刷”没有了，电刷在有刷电机里扮演的角色是通过换向器向转子里的线圈通电。
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看完上边视频之后对无刷、有刷电机有更深刻的了解了吗？那么小编再次提问，没有电刷的电机是如何向转子里的线圈通电的呢？
原来无刷电机采用永磁体来做转子，转子里是没有线圈的。由于转子里没有线圈，所以不需要用于通电的换向器和电刷。取而代之的是作为定子的线圈。（如下图所示）
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无刷电机的起源从头来讲也是比较简单的：大部分有刷直流电机的问题都来自于电刷。
电刷可能打火花、磨损、产生很强的噪音并产生很大一部分功耗，导致速度被严重限制，且不容易冷却。
这意味着您不能在任何易燃物周围、需要长使用寿命、静音或高效率的应用条件下、在任何高速或高功耗系统中使用有刷直流电机。
这都是电刷显著的缺点，取消电刷就可以解决这些问题，但是不好的地方是同时消除了机械换向。
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缺乏机械换向会造成其它问题，因为电机需要换向。无刷电机使用电气换向，这种换向方式下，您需要确保电机中的电流始终产生一个可以移动转子的磁场。
但是看看下图，需要先知道转子在哪里，才能考虑如何施加电流来移动转子。
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线圈不动，磁极旋转。无刷直流电机，通过霍尔元件，感知永磁体磁极的位置，根据这种感知，使用电子线路，适时切换线圈中电流的方向，保证产生正确方向的磁力，来驱动电机。
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ta-ratio="0.7633744855967078" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="486" height="310" width="406" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/3nsLG1HndEeFKMMUKuAIvJcDibByC1O06Ep0MDlOLIS4ThEgAnibAsnIWXkXkPf0IZ4Gp6faH45hoXAORTKBg52g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" _width="406px" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/3nsLG1HndEeFKMMUKuAIvJcDibByC1O06Ep0MDlOLIS4ThEgAnibAsnIWXkXkPf0IZ4Gp6faH45hoXAORTKBg52g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" crossorigin="anonymous" alt="图片" data-fail="0" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; height: auto !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 406px !important;" />ta-tools="135编辑器" data-id="97644" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">ta-brushtype="text" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">无刷电机的外观及内部构造少了电刷，无刷直流电机的磨损主要是在轴承上了，从机械角度看，无刷直流电机几乎是一种免维护的电动机了，必要的时候，只需做一些除尘维护即可。
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